In most cases, dandruff is a companion of seborrhea, but also an important factor in the appearance of dandruff is a hereditary predisposition (features of the skin). Dandruff can be a manifestation of metabolic disorders in the body, including improper hair care. Also, this disease is sometimes considered an infectious disease.
Outwardly, dandruff looks like small white grains that cover the head. They come in different shades, shapes and textures. It depends on what type of dandruff a person has.
If dandruff is present for a long time, the scalp should be checked for fungus. Sometimes a fungal infection occurs against the background of mechanical damage at the site of hair growth. Often the process is accompanied by violations of the protective functions of the scalp. In any case, in the presence of a fungal infection requires special antifungal treatment (eg, Arcolane or Nizoral).
Dandruff is divided into several types; consider the characteristics of each of them.
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The first type of dandruff is dry.
This form of dandruff looks white or slightly grayish. The scalp is red, inflamed, and constantly itchy and bothers a person. The hair looks dull and lifeless, and growth slows down. The skin and hair roots do not receive enough moisture and nourishment, so the skin scales die off much faster than needed.
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The second type of dandruff is oily.
This problem is due to the malfunction of the sebaceous glands. Skin pores become clogged, acne and inflammation appear. Hair constantly looks greasy and unkempt, even immediately after washing. If you do not take timely measures, then due to inflammation of the skin there is a risk of infection with a dangerous infection. A lot of sebum is released, the pores become clogged, and, as a result, favorable conditions are created for infection.
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The third type of dandruff is mixed.
In this case, dandruff can be dry on the forehead and greasy on the back of the head. This type is very dangerous because it can cause complete or partial alopecia. The causes of this condition are often hormonal disorders. The disease often occurs in pregnant women and adolescents. It also affects men with high levels of the hormone testosterone.
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The fourth type of dandruff is tubular.
This type of dandruff affects the hair and skin. The scalp itches, the person feels pain. In this case, it is difficult to cure dandruff, but the positive is that it has no transmission properties.
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The fifth type of dandruff is seborrheic dermatitis.
It is characterized by the appearance of foci of inflammation and dryness. In this case, there are painful sensations and severe itching. Hair looks dull, unhealthy and falls out. Seborrheic dermatitis occurs due to metabolic problems, adverse environmental conditions, disorders of the body’s defenses. Less often it manifests itself due to genetic features.